T he prospect of developing breast cancer is a source of anxiety for many women. These contrast with benign tumors, which do not spread. Whether you or a loved one are worried about developing breast cancer, have just been diagnosed, are going through breast cancer treatment, or are trying to stay well after treatment, this detailed information can help you find the answers you need. In the united states, which currently accounts for. The most frequent types of cancer differ between men and women. The importance of following your breast cancer treatment plan. Pdf the most frequent cancer type in females in the western world is breast cancer, with a lifetime risk of the order of 110. Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by unregulated cell growth and the invasion and spread of cells from the site of origin, or primary site, to other sites in the body. Excluding skin cancer, breast cancer is the most common type of cancer in women in the united states, accounting for one of every three cancer diagnoses.
The incidence of breast cancer is increasing in the developing world due to increase life expectancy, increase urbanization and adoption of western lifestyles. To increase the awareness of society about breast cancer, breast cancer awareness month bcam, also referred to in america as national breast cancer awareness month nbcam, is an annual international health campaign organized by major breast cancer charities every october to increase awareness of the disease and to raise funds for research. Lung, liver, stomach, colorectal and breast cancers cause the most cancer deaths each year. Your treatment team will discuss whether this genetic profiling information is recommended for your care. Breast cancer is the second most common type of cancer in women and the second leading cause of cancerrelated death in women. Introduction cancer is a worldwide public health problem affecting all categories of persons. Breast cancer occurs when a malignant cancerous tumor originates in the breast. As breast cancer tumors mature, they may metastasize spread to other parts of the body. The good news is that breast cancer is often found early, before it has spread. Breast cancer screening is known to reduce mortality. Your body is made up of tiny building blocks called cells. Breast cancer arises from cells in the breast that have grown abnormally and multiplied to form a lump or tumour.
Breast cancer is the top cancer in women both in the developed and the developing world. Black women may have their breast cancer diagnosed at a later stage due to lower use of mammography. Under a microscope, metastatic cancer cells generally look the same as cells of the original cancer. Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in women in the u. Breast cancer is a malignant cell growth in the breast. These results suggest breast cancer mortality in the united states has dropped about. Garnick, md beth israel deaconess medical center harvard medical school, boston medical director cancer programs northeast hospital corporation, beverly. Other lifestylerelated risk factors, such as what you eat and how much you exercise, can increase your chance of developing breast cancer, but its not yet known exactly how some of these risk factors cause normal cells to become cancer. Garnick, md beth israel deaconess medical center harvard medical school, boston. American cancer society, american society for colposcopy and cervical pathology, and american society for clinical pathology screening guidelines for the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer. Breast cancer remains the most common invasive cancer among women aside from nonmelanoma skin cancers, accounting in 2011 for an estimated 230,480 new cases among women in the united states and another 2,140 new cases among men acs, 2011. In this course, well learn a bit about the leading cause of cancer in women worldwide from the basic biology of the disease, to risk factors and prevention, to treatment modalities to survivorship. The main signs include swelling and redness of the breast, dimpling or puckering of the skin of. Completing your breast cancer treatment plan called adherence or compliance is very important.
Female breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancerrelated deaths. T he committees examination of breast cancer and the environment required considerations at the intersection of diverse fields, including the biology and epidemiology of breast cancer, the identification of carcinogens and cancerpromoting agents, exposure assessment, toxicity and carcinogenicity testing, and the design and interpretation of research. Cancer cells can spread to other parts of the body through the blood circulation or lymph system. Type of breast cancer diagnosis, screening, and survival. Bone metastases of breast cancer are frequently found in the rib, sternum, vertebrae, or pelvis and are refractory to radiation therapy combined with standardized her2binding monoclonal antibody andor endocrine treatments and, if necessary, cytotoxic chemotherapy comprising a widespread regimen such as cyclophosphamide. It occurs in both men and women, although male breast cancer is rare. Breast cancer colorectal cancer pancreatic cancer hepatocellular cancer prostate skin thoracic multidisciplinary mdc breast mdc multidisciplinary discussion at. Its important to understand that most breast lumps are benign and not cancer. Women are more likely to develop breast cancer as they get older. General introduction to cancer cancer is not just one disease, but a group of more than hundred diseases in which a group of cells become abnormal, divide without control and invade other tissues. A breast cancer tumor can grow and overtake tissue surrounding the breast, like the chest or skin. Cancer is when cells in the body change and grow out of control. Once breast cancer occurs, cancer cells can spread to other parts of the body, making it lifethreatening.
An introduction to cancer and basic cancer vocabulary. This is one of the most common types of cancer, and is often one of. What has changed is the rate of in situ breast cancer, which has been rising since the introduction of mammography screening in the 1980s breen et al. An introduction to breast cancer risks and prevention. Cancer is often thought of as an untreatable, unbearably painful disease with no cure. Death rates from breast cancer have been steadily decreasing due to a combination of early detection and improved treatment. This free fact sheet is available as a pdf, so it is easy to print out. Breast cancer is a cancer that forms in the tissues of the breast usually in the ducts tubes that carry milk to the nipple or lobules glands that make milk. If left untreated, the cancer spreads to other areas of the body.
Endometrial cancer occurs most often in women from the ages of 55 to 70 years old and is responsible for 6% of cancer cases in women. Metastatic cancer has the same name and the same type of cancer cells as the original, or primary, cancer. An introduction to cancer salman ul islam 20141105 20298039 kyungpook national university 2. An overview of breast cancer epidemiology, risk factors.
Breast cancer is the most common nonskinrelated malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer death among women in the united states 1. In the united states, breast cancer is the most common cancer in women excluding skin. The experience of breast cancer at once compels particular interfaces of body and machine in detection, treatment, and recovery, and the necessity for corporeal reworking in relation to the machine. While these symptoms may indicate cancer, they can also have other causes. The rate of death from cancer continues to decline among both men and women, among all major racial and ethnic groups, and for many types of cancer, including the four most common lung, colorectal, breast, and prostate cancers. Sometimes completing your treatment plan may be hard, but there are things you can do to make it easier. Biology, pathology, and the latest in screening and diagnostic tools. About 30% of cancer deaths are due to the five leading behavioral and dietary risks. Hormones seem to play a role in many cases of breast cancer, but just how this. Breast cancer spreads when the cancer grows into other parts of the body or when breast cancer cells move to other parts of the body through the blood vessels andor lymph vessels. The primary route of metastasis is the lymphatic system which, ironically enough, is also the bodys primary system for producing and. A guide for journalists on breast cancer and its treatment roche.
Breast cancer cancer of the mammary glands is a condition that has been known since ancient times, and exhibits itself as one of the most prevalent conditions of the modern world. In fact, breast cancer accounts for 22% of all female cancers and 15% of cancer deaths among women edwards et al. Breast cancer prognosis ductal carcinoma in situ metastatic breast cancer special forms of invasive breast cancer inflammatory breast cancer ibc is a rare, aggressive breast cancer. Please use one of the following formats to cite this article in your essay, paper or report. This guide covers earlystage and locally advanced breast cancer, which includes stages i, ii, and iii.
Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer in women and the second most common cause of cancer death in women in the u. Introduction and conclusion to cancer essay 526 words. An introduction to cancer and basic cancer vocabulary marc b. Here are some of the most common risk factors for breast cancer. Introduction to cancer in most peoples minds there is no scarier diagnosis than that of cancer. Cancer has become a challenge that faces the entire world population. This guide covers earlystage and locally advanced breast cancer, which includes stages i. The profiling itself may take two to three weeks to complete.
The nations investment in cancer research is making a difference. A large clinical trial found that adding trastuzumab to standard chemotherapy for advanced. According to the world health organization 2004, cancer is the main leading cause of death in economically developed and developing countries respectively. Endometrial cancer develops in the lining of the uterus, also called the endometrium. The nccn guidelines panel for cervical cancer screening endorses the following guidelines for the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer.
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